금강경 4장 범어 원문 해석

 

금강경 金剛經 4장 범어 원문 해석

 

 

 

"Vajra

 

바즈라(산스크리트어: वज्र) 또는 금강저(金剛杵)는 인도 신화에서 브리트라 등의 적들을 물리칠 때 인드라가 사용하는 번개 형태의 아스트라이다.[1][2][3] 또한 바즈라는 불교, 자이나교, 힌두교 등에서 주로 영혼과 영성의 견실함을 나타내는 상징물이기도 하다.[4]"

 

 

사진 출처:

https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%A6%88%EB%9D%BC#/media/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Vajra.jpg

 

 

 

 

 

금강경 해설은 아래 범어 금강경: 상세 해설 버젼을 참고로 하였다.

 

 

https://blog.naver.com/joonghyuckk/220332287200

 

 

 

 

 

Api tu khalu punah Subhute na bodhisattva-ina vastu-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na kvacit pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na-rupa-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na sabda-gandha-rasa-sprastavya-dharma-isu pratisthita-ina danam datavyam. Evam hi Subhute bodhisattvena mahasattvena danam datavyam yatha na nimitta-samjnayam api pratitisthait.

 

api=expresses placing near or over, uniting to, annexing, reaching to, proximity, and, also, moreover, besides, assuredly, surely   p.55

 

tu=to have authority, be strong, to go, ind. pray! I beg, do, now, then, but, and, or    p.449

 

api tu=but, but yet  p.55

 

khalu-Kalu=(as a particle of asseveration) indeed, verily, certainly, truly, (as a continuative particle) now, now then, now further, (as a particle in syllogistic speech) but now  p.338

 

punah-punaH=in comp. for punar  p.634

 

punar=ind. back, home, in an opposite direction, again, once more, again and again, repeatedly, further, moreover, besides, however, still, nevertheless  p.633

 

Subhuta=well made or done (as food), that part of the frame enshrining the universal Spirit which faces the north, welfare, well-being   p.1230

 

i=this, that, to go, walk, to go to or towards, come p.163

 

na=not, no, nor, neither, that not, lest, for fear lest, thin, spare, vacant, empty, identical, unvexed, unbroken, band, fetter, jewel, pearl, war, gift, welfare, N. of Buddha  p.523

 

bodhisattva

 

in=inv  p.165

 

inv=to advance upon, press upon, drive, to infuse strength, invigorate, gladden, to use force,

force, to drive away  p.167

 

a=the accent may be optionally either on the first

or last syllable in certain compounds formed with a  p.4

 

vastu=becoming light, dawning, morning, any really existing or abiding substance or essence, thing, object, article, the right thing, a valuable or worthy object, object of or for, the real  p.931

 

pratisthita=set forth, prepared, ready (as sacrifice), rising, upright, standing forth, prominent, appointed, installed, set out, departed, gone to, reaching to, setting out, going away, departure   p.699

 

dana-dAna=the act of giving, giving in marriage, giving up, communicating, imparting, teaching, 

donation, gift  p.474

 

datavya-dAtavya=to be given, to be communicated, to be given in marriage, to be paid or restored, to be placed upon, to be made   p.474

 

na kvacit=by no means, never

 

pratisthita-ina=reaching to   to advance !

 

dana=donation

 

datavya=to be given

 

rupa-rUpa=dreamy or phantom shapes, handsome form, loveliness, grace, beauty, splendour, nature, character, peculiarity, feature, mark, sign, symptom, likeness, image,reflection, 

circumstances, sort, kind, mode, manner, way, a sound, word p.885-886

 

rupa-rUpA=any outward appearance or phenomenon or colour (often pl.), form, shape, figure, dreamy or phantom shapes, handsome form, loveliness, grace, beauty, splendour, nature, character, peculiarity, feature, mark, sign, symptom, likeness, image, reflection, circumstances (opp. to ‘time’ and ‘place’), sort, kind, mode, manner, way, a show, play, drama, the quality of colour, (with Buddhists) material form i.e. the organized body (as one of the 5 constituent elements or Skandhas), a sound, word  p.885

 

na-rupa-pratisthita-ina=not-handsome form-prepared  to advance !

 

danam datavyam=donation to be given

 

na=not, no, nor, neither, that not, lest, for fear lest, thin, spare, vacant, empty, identical, unvexed, unbroken, band, fetter, jewel, pearl, war, gift, welfare, N. of Buddha  p.523

 

sabda-zabda=sound, noise, voice, tone, note, a word, speech, language, the right word, correct expression, the sacred syllable Om, a declinable word or a word-termination, affix, a name, appellation, title, a technical term, verbal communication or testimony, oral tradition, verbal authority or evidence (as one of the Pramāṇas q.v.)  p.1052

 

gandha=smell, odour, a fragrant substance, fragrance, scent, perfume   p.345

 

rasa=the sap or juice of plants, juice of fruit, any liquid or fluid, the best or finest or prime part of anything, essence, marrow, taste, flavour  p.869

 

sprastavya-spraSTavya=to be touched or handled, tangible, palpable, sensible, touch, feeling  p.1269

 

dharma=that which is established or firm, steadfast decree, statute, ordinance, law, usage, practice, customary observance or prescribed conduct, duty, right, justice (often as a synonym of punishment), 

virtue, morality, religion, religious merit, good works, Law or Justice personified, the law or doctrine of Buddhism (as distinguished from the saGgha or monastic order, MWB. 70), the ethical precepts of Buddhism (or the principal dharma called sUtra, as distinguished from the abhi-dharma or ‘further dharma’ and from the vinaya or ‘discipline’, these three constituting the canon of Southern B°, MWB. 61), the law of Northern B° (in 9 canonical scriptures, viz. Prajñā-pāramitā, Gaṇḍa-vyūha, Daśa-bhūmīśvara, Samādhirāja, Laṅkāvatāra, Saddharma-puṇḍarīka, Tathā-gata-guhyaka, Lalita-vistara, Suvarṇa-prabhāsa,ib. 69), nature, character, peculiar condition or essential quality, property, mark, peculiarity  p.510

 

ish-iS=to seek, search, to cause to move quickly, let fly, throw, cast, swing, to send out or off, stream out, pour out, discharge, to deliver (a speech), announce, proclaim, to impel, incite, animate, promote, to

endeavour to obtain, strive, seek for, to endeavour to make favourable, to desire, wish, long for, request, to wish or be about to do anything, intend, to strive to obtain anything from any one, intend, to expect or

ask anything from any one, to assent, be favourable, concede, to choose, to acknowledge, maintain, regard, think, to be wanted, to be asked or requested, to be prescribed or ordered, to be approved or acknowledged, to be accepted or regarded as, to be worth, to be wanted as a desideratum, to probe p.168-169

​

is-Iz=to own, possess, to belong to, to dispose of, be valid or powerful, to be master of, to command,

to rule, reign, to behave like a master, allow, master, lord, the supreme spirit  p.171

 

u=and, also, further, as, to call to, hail, to roar, bellow p.171​

 

sabda-gandha-rasa-sprastavya-dharma-isu=not-sound-smell-taste-touch-the law of Buddhism-to seek further or to belong further

 

pratisthita-ina=reaching to  to advance !

 

danam datavyam=donation to be given

 

evam=thus, in this way, in such a manner, such  p.232

 

hi=to send forth, set in motion, impel, urge on, hasten on, to stimulate or incite to, to discharge, hurl, cast, shoot, to gladden, delight, or, because, on account of, just, pray, do, indeed, assuredly, surely, of course, certainly   p.1297

 

Subhuta=well made or done (as food), that part of the frame enshrining the universal Spirit which faces the north, welfare, well-being   p.1230

 

i=this, that, to go, walk, to go to or towards, come p.163

 

bodhisattvena=bodhisattva to advance !

 

mahasattvena=great being to advance !

 

danam datavyam=donation to be given

 

yatha-yathA=in which manner or way, according as, as, like, for instance, namely,

that, so that, in order that, because, since  p.841

 

na=not, no, nor, neither, that not, lest, for fear lest, thin, spare, vacant, empty, identical, unvexed, unbroken, band, fetter, jewel, pearl, war, gift, welfare, N. of Buddha  p.523

 

nimitta=a butt, mark, target, sign, omen, cause, motive, ground, reason  p.551

 

samjna-saMjJA=to agree together, be of the same opinion, be in harmony with, to obey, to appoint, assign, intend (for any purpose), destine, to direct, order, command, to acknowledge, recognize, own, to know well, understand, ‘one who has recovered consciousness’, agreement, mutual understanding, harmony, consciousness, clear knowledge or understanding or notion or conception, (with Buddhists) perception (one of the 5 Skandhas)   p.1133

 

api=expresses placing near or over, uniting to, annexing, reaching to, proximity, and, also, moreover, besides, assuredly, surely   p.55

 

prati=towards, near to, against, in opposition to, back, again, in return, down upon,

upon, on   p.661

 

sthapya=to be set up or erected, to be placed in or on, to be kept in order or curbed or checked or restrained, p.1263

 

pratishtha-pratiSThA=partitiSThati, to stand, stay, abide, dwell, to stand still, set (as the sun), cease, be established, thrive, prosper, to put down, place upon, introduce into, standing still, resting, remaining, steadfastness, stability, perseverance in, state of rest, quiet, tranquillity, comfort, ease, the performance of any ceremony or of any solemn act, consecration or dedication (of a monument or of an idol or of a temple &c.; cf. prANa-pr°), settling or endowment of a daughter, completion of a vow, any ceremony for obtaining supernatural and magical powers  p.671

 

it=going, going towards  p.163

 

pratishthait=to stay  going

 

Api tu khalu punah Subhute na bodhisattva-ina vastu-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na kvacit pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na-rupa-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na sabda-gandha-rasa-sprastavya-dharma-isu pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, Evam hi Subhute bodhisattvena mahasattvena danam datavyam,  yatha na nimitta-samjnayam api pratitisthait.

=(also) (now) (indeed) (again) (subhuti) (not) (bodhisattva-to advance !) (thing-reaching to-to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (not) (never) (reaching to-to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (not-handsome form-reaching to  to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (not) (sound-smell-taste-touch-the law of Buddhism-to belong further) (reaching to to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (thus) (indeed) (subhuti) (bodhisattva-to advance !) (great being-to advance !) (donation) (to be given) (in which way) (not) (sign-to recognize) (also) (to stay  going).

=(또한) (지금) (정말로) (다시) (수부티여) (아니다) (보살에 의해) (사물에 이르는 식으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (결코 아니다) (이르는 식으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (아니다-멋진 형상에-이르는 것으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (아니다) (성-향-미-촉-불법에) (이르는 것으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (이와같이) (정말로) (수부티여) (보살에 의해) (위대한 존재에 의해) (보시가) (주어질 것이다), (이같이) (아니다) (표시를 인식하는데에) (또한) (머무르는 것이). 

 

 

 

Tat kasya hetoh? Yah Subhute bodhisattvah apratisthitah danam dadati, tasya Subhute punya-skandhasya na sukaram pramanam udgrahitum. Tat kim manyase? Subhute sukaram purvasyam dis i akasasya pramanam udgrahitum? Subhutir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! Bhagavan aha: Evam daksina-pascima-uttarasu-adhas urdhvam digvidik su samanta at dasasu diksu sukaram akasasya pramanam udgrahitum?

 

tat=in comp. for tad   p.432

 

tad=it, that, this, there, in that place, thither, to that spot, then, at that time, in that case, thus, in this manner, with regard to that   p.434

 

ka=interrog. pron.  who? which? what?  p.240

 

sya=pron. base of 3rd person    p.1273

 

hetu=hetoH, ‘impulse’, motive, cause, cause of, reason for    p.1297

 

ya-yA=to go, proceed, move, walk, set out, march, advance, travel, journey, to go towards or against, 

go or come to, enter, approach, arrive at, reach, to undertake, undergo, to go to for any request, 

implore, solicit, to go to a woman for sexual intercourse, to go to for any purpose  p.849

 

ya=yad, the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension, a goer or mover, going,

a car, joining, attaining  p.838

 

yad=who, which, what, whichever, whatever, that   p.844

 

subhuta=well made or done (as food), that part of the frame enshrining the universal Spirit which faces the north, welfare, well-being   p.1230

 

i=this, that, to go, walk, to go to or towards, come p.163

 

bodhisattva

 

pratisthita=set forth, prepared, ready (as sacrifice), rising, upright, standing forth, prominent, appointed, installed, set out, departed, gone to, reaching to, setting out, going away, departure   p.699

 

danam=donation

 

dadati-dadAti=a gift  p.467

 

tat=in comp. for tad   p.432

 

tad=it, that, this, there, in that place, thither, to that spot, then, at that time, in that case,

thus, in this manner, with regard to that   p.434

 

sya=pron. base of 3rd person    p.1273

 

punya-puNya=auspicious, propitious, fair, pleasant, good, right, virtuous, meritorious, pure,

holy, sacred, the good or right, virtue, purity, good work, meritorious act, moral or religious merit,

a religious ceremony (esp. one performed by a wife in order to retain her husband's affections

and to obtain a son; also -ka)   p.632

 

skandha=the shoulder, upper part of the back or region from the neck to the shoulder-joint (in men and animals), the stem or trunk of a tree (esp. that part of the stem where the branches begin), a large branch or bough, a troop, multitude, quantity, aggregate, a part, division (esp. a division of an army or a form of military array), a chapter, section (of a book, system &c.), a tract, path, region (esp. of the winds, said to be seven), (in phil.) the five objects of sense (See viSaya), (with Buddhists) the five constituent elements of being (viz. rUpa, ‘bodily form’; vedanA, ‘sensation’; saMjJA, ‘perception’; saMskAra, ‘aggregate of formations’; vijJAna, ‘consciousness or thought-faculty’)  p.1256

 

skandhas=the shoulder, the branching top or crown of a tree, the trunk of a tree p.1256

 

punya-skandhasya=virtue-multitude he

 

na=not, no, nor, neither, that not, lest, for fear lest, thin, spare, vacant, empty, identical, unvexed, unbroken, band, fetter, jewel, pearl, war, gift, welfare, N. of Buddha  p.523

 

sukara=easy to be done, easy for (gen.) or to, easy to be managed, tractable (as a horse or cow), easily achieving, doing good, charity, benevolence  p.1220

 

pramana-pramANa=measure, scale, standard, measure of any kind (as size, extent, circumference, length, distance, weight, multitude, quantity, duration)  p.685

 

udgrahita-udgrAhita=taken away, lifted up, deposited, delivered, seized, bound, tied, described, set forth, excellent, exalted, recalled, remembered, recited    p.187

 

um=an interjection of anger, a particle implying assent, interrogation  p.217

 

um-Um=an interjection of anger, of reproach, of envy, a particle of interrogation  p.221

 

tat=in comp. for tad   p.432

 

tad=it, that, this, there, in that place, thither, to that spot, then, at that time, in that case,

thus, in this manner, with regard to that   p.434

 

kim=what? how? whence? wherefore? why?   p.282

 

manya=thinking one's self to be, passing for, appearing as   p.786

 

sa=san, procuring, bestowing   p.1247

 

san=to gain, acquire, obtain as a gift, possess, enjoy, to gain for another, procure, bestow, give, distribute, to

be successful, be granted or fulfilled, to wish to acquire or obtain, to wish to procure or bestow, to gain or

acquire repeatedly  p.1140

 

i=this, that, to go, walk, to go to or towards, come p.163

 

Subhuta=well made or done (as food), that part of the frame enshrining the universal Spirit which faces the north, welfare, well-being   p.1230

 

i=this, that, to go, walk, to go to or towards, come p.163

 

sukara=easy to be done, easy for (gen.) or to, easy to be managed, tractable (as a horse or cow), easily achieving, doing good, charity, benevolence  p.1220

 

purva-pUrva=being before or in front, fore, first, former, prior, preceding, previous to, earlier than, ind. before (also as a prep. with abl.), formerly, hitherto, previously (sometimes with pres.), eastward, to the east of    p.643

 

sya=pron. base of 3rd person    p.1273

 

dis-diZ=to point out, show, exhibit, to promote, effect, accomplish, to assign, grant, bestow upon    p.479

 

i=this, that, to go, walk, to go to or towards, come p.163

 

akasa-AkAza=a free or open space, vacuity, the ether, sky or atmosphere  p.126

 

pramana-pramANa=measure, scale, standard, measure of any kind (as size, extent, circumference, length, distance, weight, multitude, quantity, duration)  p.685

 

udgrahita-udgrAhita=taken away, lifted up, deposited, delivered, seized, bound, tied, described, set forth, excellent, exalted, recalled, remembered, recited    p.187

 

um=an interjection of anger, a particle implying assent, interrogation p.217

 

um-Um=an interjection of anger, of reproach, of envy, a particle of interrogation  p.221

 

Subhuti

 

aha-Aha=ind. an interjection, a particle implying reproof, casting, sending,

perf. 3. sg. of the defect. ah   p.162

 

ah=to say, speak, to express, signify, to call, hold, consider, regard as   p.124

 

nau=encl. acc. dat. gen. du. of 1st pers. pron.  p.571

 

na=not, no, nor, neither, that not, lest, for fear lest, thin, spare, vacant, empty, identical, unvexed, unbroken, band, fetter, jewel, pearl, war, gift, welfare, N. of Buddha  p.523

 

u=and, also, further, as, to call to, hail, to roar, bellow p.171​

 

hi=to send forth, set in motion, impel, urge on, hasten on, to stimulate or incite to,

indeed, assuredly, surely, of course, certainly   p.1297

 

idam=this, this here, referring to something near the speaker  p.165

 

bhagavat=possessing fortune, fortunate, prosperous, happy, glorious, illustrious, divine, adorable, venerable, holy (applied to gods, demigods, and saints as a term of address, with Buddhists often prefixed to the titles of their sacred writings), ‘the divine or adorable one’,N.of Viṣṇu-Kṛṣṇa, of Śiva,Kathās, of a Buddha or a Bodhi-sattva or a Jina,Buddh., bhagavatI, see below  p.742

 

bhagavan=in comp. for °vat.   p.744

 

aha-Aha=ind. an interjection, a particle implying reproof, casting, sending,

perf. 3. sg. of the defect. ah   p.162

 

ah=to say, speak, to express, signify, to call, hold, consider, regard as   p.124

 

evam=thus, in this way, in such a manner, such  p.232

 

daksina-dakSiNa=able, clever, dexterous, right (not left), south, southern (as being on the right side of a person looking eastward), situated to the south, turned or directed southward)  p.465

 

pascima-pazcima=being behind, hinder, later, last, final, west, western, westerly   p.612

 

uttara=upper, higher, superior, northern (because the northern part of India is high),

left (opposed to dakSiNa or right, because in praying the face being turned to the east the north would be on the left hand), the north    p.178

 

su=to go, move, to urge, impel, incite, to press out, extract, to distil, prepare, to beget, bring forth,

good, excellent, right, virtuous, beautiful, easy, well, rightly, much, greatly, very, any, easily, willingly,

quickly  p.1219

 

adhas=below, down, in the lower region, beneath, under   p.20

 

daksina-pascima-uttarasu-adhas=south-west-north to go-down

 

urdhva-Urdhva=rising or tending upwards, raised, elevated, erected, erect, upright, high, above  p.222

 

dig=in comp. for 2. diz  p.479

 

dis-diz=to point out, show, exhibit, to produce, bring forward, to promote, effect, accomplish  p.479

 

vi-vI=to go apart or in different directions, diverge, be diffused or scattered or distributed or divided or extended, to be lost, perish, disappear, to go through, traverse, to pass through  p.1004

 

diksh-dIkS=to consecrate or dedicate one's self, to dedicate one's self to a monastic order,  to consecrate, initiate, to make ready, prepare   p.480

 

samanta=‘having the ends together’, contiguous, neighbouring, adjacent, ‘being on every side’, universal, whole, entire, all  p.1155

 

at=ind. a prefix said to imply ‘surprise’, probably a contraction of ati, meaning ‘extraordinary’, to go constantly, walk, run, to obtain  p.12

 

dasa-daza=ifc. (tri-, dvi-, nir-) and in comp. for °zan     p.471

 

dasan-dazan=ten   p.472

 

su=to go, move, to urge, impel, incite, to press out, extract, to distil, prepare, to beget, bring forth,

good, excellent, right, virtuous, beautiful, easy, well, rightly, much, greatly, very, any, easily, willingly,

quickly  p.1219

 

dik=in comp. for 2. diz, quarter, region, direction, place, part   p.480

 

dis-diZ=2. diz f. quarter or region pointed at, direction, cardinal point pl., rarely sg. the whole world, e.g. dizi dizi, in all directions, everywhere, Bhartṛ. i, 86 ; digbhyas, from every q°, BhP. i, 15, 8  ; dizo dizas, hither and thither, Pañc. ii, 116/117 ; dizo'valokya, looking into the q° of the sky i.e. into the air, Ratn. iv, 4/5  dizo 'ntAt, from the extremities of the world, ib. , Introd. 6)  p.480

 

su=to go, move, to urge, impel, incite, to press out, extract, to distil, prepare, to beget, bring forth,

good, excellent, right, virtuous, beautiful, easy, well, rightly, much, greatly, very, any, easily, willingly,

quickly  p.1219

 

sukara=easy to be done, easy for (gen.) or to, easy to be managed, tractable (as a horse or cow), easily achieving, doing good, charity, benevolence  p.1220

 

akasa-AkAza=a free or open space, vacuity, the ether, sky or atmosphere  p.126

 

sya=pron. base of 3rd person   p.1273

 

pramana-pramANa=measure, scale, standard, measure of any kind (as size, extent, circumference, length, distance, weight, multitude, quantity, duration)  p.685

 

udgrahita-udgrAhita=taken away, lifted up, deposited, delivered, seized, bound, tied, described, set forth, excellent, exalted, recalled, remembered, recited    p.187

 

um=an interjection of anger, a particle implying assent, interrogation p.217

 

um-Um=an interjection of anger, of reproach, of envy, a particle of interrogation  p.221

 

 

Tat kasya hetoh? Yah Subhute bodhisattvah apratisthitah danam dadati, tasya Subhute punya-skandhasya na sukaram. pramanam udgrahitum. Tat kim manyase? Subhute sukaram purvasyam disi akasasya pramanam udgrahitum? Subhutir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! Bhagavan aha: Evam daksina-pascima-uttarasu-adhas urdhvam digvidik su samanta at dasasu diksu sukaram akasasya pramanam udgrahitum?

=(it) (what) (cause)? (that) (subhuti) (bodhisattva) (not reaching to) (donation) (to be given), (his) (subhuti) (virtue-multitude he) (not) (easy to be done). (scale) (seized). (it) (how) (thinking one's self to be  to acquire)? (subhuti) (easy to be done) (eastward that) (to show to go) (sky he) (scale) (seized)? (Subhuti) (to speak): (not further) (indeed) (this) (the Holy)! (the Holy) (to speak): (thus) (south-west-north to go-down) (above) (to point out  to go in different directions direction) (to go) (all) (to go) (10  to go) (direction to go) (easy to be done) (sky  he) (scale) (seized)?

=(그) (무슨) (이유인가)? (그) (수부티여) (보살에게) (아니 이르는) (보시가) (주어지는데), (그의) (수부티여) (공덕-많음이) (아니다) (쉽게 행해진 것이). (크기를) (포착하기가). (그) (어떻게) (생각되어 지는가)? (수부티) (쉽게 하자) (동쪽) (방향에 보여) (지는) (하늘의) (크기를) (붙잡을 수 있는가)? (수부티가) (말했다): (아닙니다) (정말로) (이것은) (세존이시여)! (세존께서는) (말했다): (이와같이) (남-서-북쪽에서-아래로) (위로) (여러 방향) (에서) (모두) (10방에서) (쉽게 행함입니까)? (하늘의) (크기를) (붙잡기를)?

 

 

 

Subhuir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! Bhagavan aha: evam eva subhutia yah Subhutia bodhisattvah apratisthitah danam dadati, tasya Subhutia punya-skandhasya na sukaram pramanam udgrahitum.

evam hi subhutia bodhisattva yana samprasthita-ina danam datavyam, yatha na nimitta-samjnayam api prasthitait.  Tat kim manyase? Subhutia laksana sampada tathagatah drastavyah? Subhutir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! na laksana-sampaa tathagata-ina bhasita, sa eva alaksnana-sampat. evam ukta, bhagavan ayusmantam subhutim etad avocat, yavat subhutia laksana-sampad, tavat mrsa, yavat alaksana-sampat, tavat na mrsa. iti. hi laksnana alaksana tathagatah drastavyah.  

 

 

Yah Subhutia bodhisattvah pratisthitah danam dadati

 

ya-yA=to go, proceed, move, walk, set out, march, advance, travel, journey, to go towards or against,

go or come to, enter, approach, arrive at, reach, to undertake, undergo, to go to for any request,

implore, solicit, to go to a woman for sexual intercourse, to go to for any purpose  p.849

 

ya=a goer or mover, going; a car, joining, attaining  p.838

 

subhti-subhUti=well-being, welfare  p.1230

 

bodhisattvah

 

pratisthita=set forth, prepared, ready (as sacrifice), rising, upright, standing forth, prominent, appointed, installed, set out, departed, gone to, reaching to, setting out, going away, departure   p.699

 

dana-dAna=the act of giving, giving in marriage, giving up, communicating, imparting, teaching, 

donation, gift  p.474

 

dadati-dadAti=a gift  p.467

 

ta=pronom. base See tad  p.431

 

tad=it, that, this, there, in that place, thither, to that spot, then, at that time, in that case,

thus, in this manner, with regard to that   p.434

 

sya=pron. base of 3rd person    p.1273

 

Subhutia 

 

punya-skandhasya=(virtue)-(multitude he)

 

na sukaram pramanam udgrahitum=(not) (easy to be done) (scale) (seized)

 

tat=in comp. for tad   p.432

 

tad=it, that, this, there, in that place, thither, to that spot, then, at that time, in that case,

thus, in this manner, with regard to that   p.434

 

kim=what? how? whence? wherefore? why?   p.282

 

manya=thinking one's self to be, passing for, appearing as   p.786

 

sa=san, procuring, bestowing   p.1247

 

san=to gain, acquire, obtain as a gift, possess, enjoy, to gain for another, procure, bestow, give, distribute, to

be successful, be granted or fulfilled, to wish to acquire or obtain, to wish to procure or bestow, to gain or

acquire repeatedly  p.1140

 

i=this, that, to go, walk, to go to or towards, come p.163

 

Subhutia

 

sukaram purvasyam dis i akasasya pramanam udgrahitum=(easy to be done) (eastward he) (to point out) (to go) (sky) (scale) (seized) 

 

Subhutir aha=(Subhuti) (to speak)

 

nau hi idam bhagavan=(not further) (indeed) (this) (the Holy)

 

Bhagavan aha=(the Holy) (to speak)

 

Evam daksina-pascima-uttarasu-adhas urdhvam digvidik su samanta at dasasu diksu sukaram aka

sasya pramanam udgrahitum=(thus) (south-west-north to go-down) (above) (to point out  to go in different directions direction) (to go) (all) (to obtain) (10 to go) (direction to go) (easy to be done) (sky he) (sclae) (seized)

 

 

Subhuir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! Bhagavan aha: evam eva subhutia yah Subhutia bodhisattvah apratisthitah danam dadati, tasya Subhutia punya-skandhasya na sukaram pramanam udgrahitum.

evam hi subhutia bodhisattva asamprasthita-ina danam datavyam, yatha na nimitta-samjnayam api prasthitait. Tat kim manyase? Subhutia laksana sampada tathagatah drastavyah? Subhutir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! na laksana-sampada tathagatah drastavyah. Tat kasya hetoh? ya sa bhagavan laksana-sampat-tathagata-ina bhasita, sa eva alaksnana-sampat. evam ukte, bhagavan ayusmantam subhutim etad avocat:

yavat subhutia laksana-sampad, tavat mrsa, yavat alaksana-sampat, tavat na mrsa. iti. hi laksnana alaksana tathagatah drastavyah.  

=(subhuti) (to speak): (not further) (indeed) (this) (the Holy)! (the Holy) (to speak): (thus) (indeed) (that)

(Subhuti !) (bodhisattva) (reaching to) (donation) (to be given), (his) (Subhuti !)  (virtue-multitude that) (not)  (easy to be done) (scale) (seized). (thus) (indeed) (subhuti) (bodhisattva) (not advancing towards buddhahood-to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (in which way) (not) (mark-to recognize) (indeed) (reaching to). (it) (how) (thinking one's self to be  to acquire)? (Subhuti !) (characteristic) (furnished with) (he who comes and goes in the same way) (to be seen)?  (subhuti) (to speak): (not further) (indeed) (this) (the Holy)! (not) (characteristic-furnished with) (he who comes and goes in the same way-to advance !) (to be seen). (it) (what?) (cause)? (that) (it) (the Holy) (characteristic-furnished with-he who comes and goes in the same way-to advance !) (spoke), (it) (indeed) (not characteristic-furnished with). (thus) (spoke): (the Holy) (active power to appear as) (to subhuti) (this) (spoke): (as much) (subhuti) (characteristic-furnished with), (so much) (in vain). (thus). (indeed) (characteristic) (not characteristic) (he who comes and goes in the same way) (to be seen).

=(수부티가) (말했다): (아닙니다) (정말로) (이것이) (세존이이여)! (세존이) (말씀하셨다): (이와같이) (정말로) (그러하다) (수부티여) (보살에게) (아니 이르는) (보시가) (주어졌는데), (그의) (수부티여) (공덕-많음이) (아니다) (쉽게 행해지는 것이) (크기를) (붙잡기가). (이와같이) (정말로) (수부티여) (보살에게) (아니 불법으로 나아가는) (보시를) (주어졌는데), (이 방식으로) (아니다) (표시를 인식하는 데에) (정말로) (이르는 것에). (그) (무슨) (생각을 하는가)? (수부티여) (특징) (갖춤으로) (여왕래가) (보여지느냐)? (수부티가) (말하기를): (아닙니다) (정말로) (이것이) (세존이시여) (아닙니다) (특징-갖춤으로는) (여왕래가) (보여지기가). (그) (무슨) (이유인가)? (그) (그의) (세존이시여) (표시를 인식하는 데에 여왕래에 의해) (설하였는데), (그것은) (정말로) (아니 특징-갖춤입니다). (이와같이) (말해지자), (세존께서) (영향력 있어 보이는) (수부티에게) (이것을) (말하였다): (이만큼 많은) (수부티여) (특징-갖춤은), (그만큼 많이) (헛된 것이다). (이와같이). (정말로) (특징은) (아니 특징인 것에서) (여왕래가) (보여지는 것이다).

 

 

 

 

금강경 4장 원문 해석

 

Api tu khalu punah Subhute na bodhisattva-ina vastu-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na kvacit pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na-rupa-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na sabda-gandha-rasa-sprastavya-dharma-isu pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, Evam hi Subhute bodhisattvena mahasattvena danam datavyam,  yatha na nimitta-samjnayam api pratitisthait.

=(also) (now) (indeed) (again) (subhuti) (not) (bodhisattva-to advance !) (thing-reaching to-to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (not) (never) (reaching to-to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (not-handsome form-reaching to  to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (not) (sound-smell-taste-touch-the law of Buddhism-to belong further) (reaching to to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (thus) (indeed) (subhuti) (bodhisattva-to advance !) (great being-to advance !) (donation) (to be given) (in which way) (not) (sign-to recognize) (also) (to stay  going).

=(또한) (지금) (정말로) (다시) (수부티여) (아니다) (보살에 의해) (사물에 이르는 식으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (결코 아니다) (이르는 식으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (아니다-멋진 형상에-이르는 것으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (아니다) (성-향-미-촉-불법에) (이르는 것으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (이와같이) (정말로) (수부티여) (보살에 의해) (위대한 존재에 의해) (보시가) (주어질 것이다), (이같이) (아니다) (표시를 인식하는데에) (또한) (머무르는 것이). 

 

Api tu khalu punah Subhute na bodhisattva-ina vastu-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na kvacit pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na-rupa-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na sabda-gandha-rasa-sprastavya-dharma-isu pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, Evam hi Subhute bodhisattvena mahasattvena danam datavyam,  yatha na nimitta-samjnayam api pratitisthait.

=(also) (now) (indeed) (again) (subhuti) (not) (bodhisattva-to advance !) (thing-reaching to-to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (not) (never) (reaching to-to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (not-handsome form-reaching to  to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (not) (sound-smell-taste-touch-the law of Buddhism-to belong further) (reaching to to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (thus) (indeed) (subhuti) (bodhisattva-to advance !) (great being-to advance !) (donation) (to be given) (in which way) (not) (sign-to recognize) (also) (to stay  going).

=(또한) (지금) (정말로) (다시) (수부티여) (아니다) (보살에 의해) (사물에 이르는 식으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (결코 아니다) (이르는 식으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (아니다-멋진 형상에-이르는 것으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (아니다) (성-향-미-촉-불법에) (이르는 것으로) (보시가) (주어지는 것이), (이와같이) (정말로) (수부티여) (보살에 의해) (위대한 존재에 의해) (보시가) (주어질 것이다), (이같이) (아니다) (표시를 인식하는데에) (또한) (머무르는 것이). 

 

Subhuir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! Bhagavan aha: evam eva subhutia yah Subhutia bodhisattvah apratisthitah danam dadati, tasya Subhutia punya-skandhasya na sukaram pramanam udgrahitum.

evam hi subhutia bodhisattva asamprasthita-ina danam datavyam, yatha na nimitta-samjnayam api prasthitait. Tat kim manyase? Subhutia laksana sampada tathagatah drastavyah? Subhutir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! na laksana-sampada tathagatah drastavyah. Tat kasya hetoh? ya sa bhagavan laksana-sampat-tathagata-ina bhasita, sa eva alaksnana-sampat. evam ukte, bhagavan ayusmantam subhutim etad avocat:

yavat subhutia laksana-sampad, tavat mrsa, yavat alaksana-sampat, tavat na mrsa. iti. hi laksnana alaksana tathagatah drastavyah.  

=(subhuti) (to speak): (not further) (indeed) (this) (the Holy)! (the Holy) (to speak): (thus) (indeed) (that)

(Subhuti !) (bodhisattva) (reaching to) (donation) (to be given), (his) (Subhuti !)  (virtue-multitude that) (not)  (easy to be done) (scale) (seized). (thus) (indeed) (subhuti) (bodhisattva) (not advancing towards buddhahood-to advance !) (donation) (to be given), (in which way) (not) (mark-to recognize) (indeed) (reaching to). (it) (how) (thinking one's self to be  to acquire)? (Subhuti !) (characteristic) (furnished with) (he who comes and goes in the same way) (to be seen)?  (subhuti) (to speak): (not further) (indeed) (this) (the Holy)! (not) (characteristic-furnished with) (he who comes and goes in the same way-to advance !) (to be seen). (it) (what?) (cause)? (that) (it) (the Holy) (characteristic-furnished with-he who comes and goes in the same way-to advance !) (spoke), (it) (indeed) (not characteristic-furnished with). (thus) (spoke): (the Holy) (active power to appear as) (to subhuti) (this) (spoke): (as much) (subhuti) (characteristic-furnished with), (so much) (in vain). (thus). (indeed) (characteristic) (not characteristic) (he who comes and goes in the same way) (to be seen).

=(수부티가) (말했다): (아닙니다) (정말로) (이것이) (세존이이여)! (세존이) (말씀하셨다): (이와같이) (정말로) (그러하다) (수부티여) (보살에게) (아니 이르는) (보시가) (주어졌는데), (그의) (수부티여) (공덕-많음이) (아니다) (쉽게 행해지는 것이) (크기를) (붙잡기가). (이와같이) (정말로) (수부티여) (보살에게) (아니 불법으로 나아가는) (보시를) (주어졌는데), (이 방식으로) (아니다) (표시를 인식하는 데에) (정말로) (이르는 것에). (그) (무슨) (생각을 하는가)? (수부티여) (특징) (갖춤으로) (여왕래가) (보여지느냐)? (수부티가) (말하기를): (아닙니다) (정말로) (이것이) (세존이시여) (아닙니다) (특징-갖춤으로는) (여왕래가) (보여지기가). (그) (무슨) (이유인가)? (그) (그의) (세존이시여) (표시를 인식하는 데에 여왕래에 의해) (설하였는데), (그것은) (정말로) (아니 특징-갖춤입니다). (이와같이) (말해지자), (세존께서) (영향력 있어 보이는) (수부티에게) (이것을) (말하였다): (이만큼 많은) (수부티여) (특징-갖춤은), (그만큼 많이) (헛된 것이다). (이와같이). (정말로) (특징은) (아니 특징인 것에서) (여왕래가) (보여지는 것이다).

 

 

알파벳화 범어 

姚秦 天竺三藏 鳩摩羅什 漢譯

( ) Alex Johnson 英譯

(( )) Edward Conze 英譯

 

Api tu khalu punah Subhute na bodhisattva-ina vastu-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na kvacit pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na-rupa-pratisthita-ina danam datavyam, na sabda-gandha-rasa-sprastavya-dharma-isu pratisthita-ina danam datavyam. Evam hi Subhute bodhisattvena mahasattvena danam datavyam yatha na nimitta-samjnayam api pratitisthait.

Tat kasya hetoh? Yah Subhutia bodhisattvah pratisthitah danam dadati, tasya Subhutia punya-skandhasya na sukaram pramanam udgrahitum. Tat kim manyase? Subhutia sukaram purvasyam dis i akasasya pramanam udgrahitum?

Subhuir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! Bhagavan aha: evam eva subhutia yah Subhutia bodhisattvah apratisthitah danam dadati, tasya Subhutia punya-skandhasya na sukaram pramanam udgrahitum.

evam hi subhutia bodhisattva asamprasthita-ina danam datavyam, yatha na nimitta-samjnayam api prasthitait. Tat kim manyase? Subhutia laksana sampada tathagatah drastavyah? Subhutir aha: nau hi idam bhagavan! na laksana-sampada tathagatah drastavyah. Tat kasya hetoh? ya sa bhagavan laksana-sampat-tathagata-ina bhasita, sa eva alaksnana-sampat. evam ukte, bhagavan ayusmantam subhutim etad avocat:

yavat subhutia laksana-sampad, tavat mrsa, yavat alaksana-sampat, tavat na mrsa. iti. hi laksnana alaksana tathagatah drastavyah.  

 

4. 妙行無住分

復次須菩提. 菩薩, 於法, 應無所住, 行於布施. 所謂不住色布施, 不住聲香味觸法布施. 須菩提. 菩薩, 應如是布施, 不住於相. 何以故, 若菩薩, 不住相布施, 其福德,不可思量. 須菩提. 於意云何, 東方虛空, 可思量不?

“不也, 世尊.”

“須菩提. 南西北方四維上下虛空, 可思量不?”

“不也, 世尊.”

“須菩提. 菩薩, 無住相布施, 福德, 亦復如是, 不可思量. 須菩提堤 菩薩, 但應如所敎住.”

 

("Furthermore, Subhuti, in the practice of compassion and charity a disciple should be detached. That is to say, he should practice compassion and charity without regard to appearances, without regard to form, without regard to sound, smell, taste, touch, or any quality of any kind. Subhuti, this is how the disciple should practice compassion and charity. Why? Because practicing compassion and charity without attachment is the way to reaching the Highest Perfect Wisdom, it is the way to becoming a living Buddha." "Subhuti, do you think that you can measure all of the space in the Eastern Heavens?" "No, Most Honored One. One can not possibly measure all of the space in the Eastern Heavens." "Subhuti, can space in all the Western, Southern, and Northern Heavens, both above and below, be measured?" "No, Most Honored One. One cannot possibly measure all the space in the Western, Southern, and Northern Heavens." "Well, Subhuti, the same is true of the merit of the disciple who practices compassion and charity without any attachment to appearances, without cherishing any idea of form. It is impossible to measure the merit they will accrue. Subhuti, my disciples should let their minds absorb and dwell in the teachings I have just given.")

 

((Moreover, Subhuti, a Bodhisattva who gives a gift should not be supported by a thing, nor should he be supported anywhere. When he gives gifts he should not be supported by sight objects, nor by sounds, smells, tastes, touchables, or mind-objects. For, Subhuti, the Bodhisattva, the great being should give gifts in such a way that he is not supported by the notion of a sign. And why? Because the heap of merit of that Bodhi-being, who unsupported gives a gift, is not easy to measure. What do you think, Subhuti, is the extent of space in the East easy to measure? Subhuti replied: No indeed, O Lord. The Lord asked: In like manner, is it easy to measure the extent of space in the South, West or North, downwards, upwards, in the intermediate directions, in all the ten directions all round?

Subhuti replied: No indeed, O Lord. The Lord said: Even so the heap of merit of that Bodhi-being who unsupported gives a gift is not easy to measure. That is why, Subhuti, those who have set out in the Bodhisattva-vehicle, should give gifts without being supported by the notion of a sign.))

 

 

 

 

영역 금강경

 

https://diamond-sutra.com/read-the-diamond-sutra-here/diamond-sutra-chapter-4/

 

 

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